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Ollies (Guangzhou) Recreation and Sports Equipment Co.
Tel: (020) 82686289
Fax: 020-82694853
Headquarter: No.31-37, Xincun 2 Road, Shangjiang North Street, Dongzhou Village, Xintang Town, Zengcheng City, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

The appearance of mucus on koi needs to be taken seriously

Article source: Ollies (Guangzhou) Recreation and Sports Equipment Co., Ltd Popularity: (Clicked 368 times) Service Hotline: (020)82686289

       The vast majority of people have the experience of touching fish and catching loach and so on, I think we must be impressed by the slimy liquid on the fish, often dipped in a hand of mucus, the fish still slipped away from the hands. Where does this mucus come from, and what is its role?

       鱼是最古老的脊椎动物。我们平时所能见到的鱼,体表大多包裹着坚硬的鳞片。鱼类的皮肤由表皮和真皮组成,鳞片便位于表皮与真皮之间。鱼鳞是鱼类特有的皮肤衍生物,也是鱼类的主要特征之一。它由钙质组成,被覆在鱼类体表全身或一定部位,能保护鱼体免受机械损伤和外界不利因素的刺激,故有“外骨骼”之称。

       The epidermis of fish is very thin and consists of several layers of epithelial cells and germinal layers thatThe epidermis is rich in unicellular mucus glands, which can continuously secrete viscous liquid, making the body surface form a mucus layer, lubricating and protecting the fish body, such as reducing the friction resistance between the skin and the water; improving the ability to move; removing the bacteria and dirt attached to the fish body and so on. At the same time, make the body surface slippery easy to escape from the enemy.Therefore, the epidermis is of great importance to the life and survival of fish.

       对于锦鲤而言,在无病的自然情况下本身体表就有一层粘液的,比较均匀,透明滑滑的。在患病的时候体表粘液会有不同,部分不透明甚至出现白絮或“鼻涕”状粘液,这都是锦鲤体表患病的征兆。

       The mucus secreted by koi is a state of self-protection, which is mainly manifested when koi are emotionally stressed, or when they are externally stimulated by a new environment during a water change or over-watering, and it is normal for koi to secrete mucus at this time.

       需要注意的是,当锦鲤分泌粘液时也正是鱼体抵抗力最低的时候,非常容易受到细菌感染和鱼病的侵袭。解决办法就是需要多观察,少折腾,勿乱下药,养好生态水。平均3-5天换1/3的水,待锦鲤过了自我恢复期就无大碍了。所以说,这个时候就考验你养水的功力了。

一、粘液腺分泌的粘液主要由糖蛋白、水分和抗菌物质组成,其作用远超想象:

  1. 流体动力学优化:粘液层能减少皮肤与水的摩擦阻力,使鱼类游动速度提升15%-20%。实验表明,去除粘液的鱼体耗氧量增加30%。
  2. 微生物屏障:粘液中的溶菌酶和免疫球蛋白能有效抑制细菌繁殖,形成动态防护膜。研究显示,健康锦鲤体表每平方厘米可检测到10^6个免疫细胞。
  3. 环境适应器:当水质突变时,粘液成分会快速调整。例如,在pH值异常的水体中,粘液分泌量可在2小时内增加3倍。

二、健康锦鲤的体表粘液呈均匀透明状,厚度约0.1-0.3毫米。当出现以下异常时,需引起警惕:

  1. 颜色变化:乳白色粘液可能预示寄生虫感染,黄绿色粘液常伴随细菌性溃疡。
  2. 质地改变:粘稠如鼻涕的粘液多由柱状杆菌引起,而絮状粘液则可能是水霉病的早期症状。
  3. 分布异常:局部粘液堆积可能因机械损伤,全身性粘液增多则与水质恶化相关。

    三、粘液异常期的科学管理

    当锦鲤出现粘液分泌异常时,应遵循“观察-调整-治疗”三步法:

    1、环境优化::

    • 换水频率调整为每3天1/4水量,使用曝气24小时以上的新水
    • 维持水温25-28℃(锦鲤最适生长温度)
    • 添加0.3%粗盐调节渗透压

    2、营养支持::

    • 增加维生素C添加量至每公斤饲料300mg
    • 补充大蒜素(0.5g/kg饲料)增强免疫力
    • 停喂高蛋白饲料,改用易消化的螺旋藻饲料

    3、治疗原则::

    • 细菌感染:使用复方新诺明(10mg/L水体)药浴
    • 寄生虫:敌百虫(0.5mg/L)与硫酸铜(0.7mg/L)交替使用
    • 真菌感染:亚甲基蓝(2mg/L)全池泼洒
    • 最后,祝愿大家的爱鲤都有个好身体。并提醒大家,在我们对爱鲤的日常管理当中,应多多留意它们的身体情况,这样才能第一时间发现锦鲤异常状态并及时治疗。
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