{"id":2418,"date":"2025-04-21T15:34:27","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T07:34:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.osaces.com\/?p=2418"},"modified":"2025-04-21T15:34:27","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T07:34:27","slug":"shengtaihuanjingbufabuzhangjiangliuyushuishengtaikaohezhibiaopingfenxizeshixing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.osaces.com\/pt\/shengtaihuanjingbufabuzhangjiangliuyushuishengtaikaohezhibiaopingfenxizeshixing\/","title":{"rendered":"O Minist\u00e9rio da Ecologia e do Ambiente divulga as regras de pontua\u00e7\u00e3o para os indicadores de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da ecologia da \u00e1gua na bacia do rio Yangtze (para implementa\u00e7\u00e3o experimental)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A \u00e1gua \u00e9 a fonte da vida e o elo central do ecossistema. Nos \u00faltimos anos, \u00e0 medida que as altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas globais se intensificaram e o impacto das actividades humanas se aprofundou, os ecossistemas aqu\u00e1ticos enfrentaram m\u00faltiplos desafios, incluindo o aumento da polui\u00e7\u00e3o, a degrada\u00e7\u00e3o da biodiversidade e a escassez de \u00e1gua. Sendo um grande pa\u00eds com uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o desigual dos recursos h\u00eddricos, a China sempre colocou a prote\u00e7\u00e3o da ecologia da \u00e1gua no centro da constru\u00e7\u00e3o da civiliza\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica e promoveu o aprofundamento do modelo de governa\u00e7\u00e3o, desde o \"controlo final\" at\u00e9 \u00e0 \"recupera\u00e7\u00e3o das fontes\", atrav\u00e9s da inova\u00e7\u00e3o institucional, da capacita\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica e tecnol\u00f3gica, da colabora\u00e7\u00e3o inter-regional e de outros meios diversificados. Atualmente, o rio Yangtze e o rio Amarelo s\u00e3o os principais focos. Atualmente, o sistema de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica da \u00e1gua representado pelo rio Yangtze, pelo rio Amarelo e por outras bacias hidrogr\u00e1ficas importantes tem vindo a ser gradualmente melhorado, s\u00e3o frequentes os avan\u00e7os tecnol\u00f3gicos na reciclagem de \u00e1gua reciclada e a sensibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica do p\u00fablico tem melhorado significativamente, mas a polui\u00e7\u00e3o composta, a reposi\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica da \u00e1gua e outras quest\u00f5es ainda t\u00eam de ser resolvidas. Este documento analisa a din\u00e2mica recente do ambiente ecol\u00f3gico da \u00e1gua, resume a experi\u00eancia pr\u00e1tica e fornece refer\u00eancias para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de um caminho de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel da harmonia homem-\u00e1gua.<\/span><\/p>\n

I. Progresso na aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da tecnologia e restaura\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica<\/span><\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \u200cAprofunda-se a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da ecologia da \u00e1gua na bacia do rio Yangtze<\/strong>\u200c<\/span>
    \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 O Minist\u00e9rio da Ecologia e do Ambiente publicou as regras de pontua\u00e7\u00e3o para os indicadores de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da ecologia da \u00e1gua da bacia do rio Yangtze (ensaio), que, pela primeira vez, inclu\u00edram a integridade dos organismos aqu\u00e1ticos e a capacidade de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1gua no sistema de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o e promoveram uma melhoria est\u00e1vel da qualidade da \u00e1gua do tronco principal do rio Yangtze e dos seus principais afluentes.<\/span>
    \nA cidade de Huangshi, na prov\u00edncia de Hubei, atrav\u00e9s da rede de monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o tridimensional do lago \"drone + inspe\u00e7\u00e3o terrestre\", completou mais de 200 vezes a monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o da qualidade da \u00e1gua, avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da biodiversidade de 22 vezes, levando a qualidade l\u00edquida da \u00e1gua do lago da classe V inferior para a classe \u2163.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u200cAvan\u00e7o na reciclagem de \u00e1gua reciclada<\/strong>\u200c<\/span>
    \nA prov\u00edncia de Gansu, em seis cidades com escassez de \u00e1gua, promove a cadeia de reciclagem de \u00e1gua reciclada, a taxa de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua reciclada \u00e9 de 23% e a conclus\u00e3o das 18 paisagens de \u00e1gua negra e malcheirosa \"limpas e duradouras\" tornou-se um espa\u00e7o p\u00fablico de lazer.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    II. Governa\u00e7\u00e3o regional e prote\u00e7\u00e3o sin\u00e9rgica<\/span><\/h4>\n
      \n
    • \u200cGoverna\u00e7\u00e3o de rios transfronteiri\u00e7os<\/strong>::<\/span>\n
        \n
      • As duas prov\u00edncias de Yunnan e Guizhou geriram conjuntamente o rio Huangnian e, atrav\u00e9s da cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um mecanismo de reuni\u00f5es conjuntas interprovinciais dos chefes dos rios, a qualidade da \u00e1gua atingiu a norma de classe II durante tr\u00eas anos consecutivos;<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Jieyang, Guangdong, baseia-se na constru\u00e7\u00e3o do rio e do lago Rongjiang Happy e desenvolve a linha tur\u00edstica do sistema de \u00e1gua Nanxi, que atrai mais de 700 000 turistas por ano e gera mais de 3 000 postos de trabalho.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • \u200cAc\u00e7\u00f5es priorit\u00e1rias na bacia do rio Amarelo<\/strong>::<\/span>
        \n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A prov\u00edncia de Gansu promoveu a gest\u00e3o global da polui\u00e7\u00e3o da bacia do rio Amarelo \"3+1\" (industrial, dom\u00e9stica, agr\u00edcola e das bacias de rejeitos), a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o de 5607 emiss\u00e1rios fluviais, a bacia do rio Amarelo, a sec\u00e7\u00e3o de Gansu da qualidade da \u00e1gua de 97,56%, ocupando o terceiro lugar entre as nove prov\u00edncias e regi\u00f5es ao longo do rio Amarelo.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        III. inova\u00e7\u00e3o institucional e apoio pol\u00edtico<\/span><\/h4>\n
          \n
        1. \u200cSistema regulamentar bem estabelecido<\/strong>\u200c<\/span>
          \nO Estado emitiu o Programa de A\u00e7\u00e3o para a Campanha de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o Ecol\u00f3gica e Governa\u00e7\u00e3o do Rio Amarelo e o Plano de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o do Ambiente Ecol\u00f3gico da Bacia Hidrogr\u00e1fica Principal, clarificando as estrat\u00e9gias de controlo do zoneamento das bacias hidrogr\u00e1ficas e refor\u00e7ando os objectivos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o do fluxo ecol\u00f3gico.<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. \u200cRefor\u00e7o da capacidade regulamentar<\/strong>\u200c<\/span>
          \nLiaoning, Hubei e outros locais implementaram uma gest\u00e3o em circuito fechado de \"investiga\u00e7\u00e3o-monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o-rastreabilidade-remedia\u00e7\u00e3o\" dos emiss\u00e1rios fluviais, utilizando equipamento de monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o inteligente para acompanhar as descargas de \u00e1guas residuais industriais em tempo real e punindo 64 empresas n\u00e3o conformes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          IV. participa\u00e7\u00e3o do p\u00fablico e iniciativas de ci\u00eancia popular<\/span><\/h4>\n
            \n
          • \u200cMelhoria das ci\u00eancias do ambiente<\/strong>:: Campanhas em v\u00e1rios locais sobre quest\u00f5es relacionadas com o ambiente aqu\u00e1tico, centradas na divulga\u00e7\u00e3o de riscos ecol\u00f3gicos transversais, como a polui\u00e7\u00e3o das massas de \u00e1gua e a diminui\u00e7\u00e3o dos rios e lagos, e na orienta\u00e7\u00e3o do p\u00fablico para a redu\u00e7\u00e3o do lixo nos rios e para a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica de fertilizantes;<\/span><\/li>\n
          • \u200cPr\u00e1tica de transforma\u00e7\u00e3o industrial<\/strong>A cidade de Huangshi implementou um programa de reinstala\u00e7\u00e3o de pescadores para promover o desenvolvimento da pesca ecol\u00f3gica em lagos de rede e, simultaneamente, cultivou ind\u00fastrias verdes como a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de carpas cabe\u00e7udas e a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            V. Desafios actuais e orienta\u00e7\u00f5es para a resposta<\/span><\/h4>\n
              \n
            • \u200cControlo da polui\u00e7\u00e3o complexa<\/strong>: O problema da polui\u00e7\u00e3o sobreposta de metais pesados nas \u00e1guas residuais industriais e de mat\u00e9ria org\u00e2nica nas \u00e1guas residuais dom\u00e9sticas \u00e9 proeminente, sendo necess\u00e1rio refor\u00e7ar a moderniza\u00e7\u00e3o das instala\u00e7\u00f5es de tratamento de \u00e1guas residuais nos parques industriais (a taxa de conformidade de 100% \u00e9 o objetivo a curto prazo);<\/span><\/li>\n
            • \u200cRequisitos de recarga ecol\u00f3gica<\/strong>Alguns rios do Norte foram cortados devido \u00e0 redu\u00e7\u00e3o do escoamento natural e Gansu e Shanxi aumentaram a capacidade de auto-purifica\u00e7\u00e3o das massas de \u00e1gua, transferindo a \u00e1gua atrav\u00e9s de esta\u00e7\u00f5es de drenagem el\u00e9ctricas e devolvendo-a aos lagos.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

               <\/p>\n

              \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A gest\u00e3o dos ecossistemas aqu\u00e1ticos \u00e9 uma batalha de longa dura\u00e7\u00e3o para a sobreviv\u00eancia da civiliza\u00e7\u00e3o. Desde o renascimento ecol\u00f3gico do riacho Suzhou at\u00e9 \u00e0 gest\u00e3o colaborativa da bacia do rio Amarelo, desde a inova\u00e7\u00e3o do mecanismo do \"sistema de chefe de rio\" at\u00e9 \u00e0 ampla aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da tecnologia de \u00e1gua reciclada, a China est\u00e1 a remodelar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o simbi\u00f3tica entre a \u00e1gua e as pessoas e entre a \u00e1gua e a cidade com um pensamento sistem\u00e1tico. No entanto, desafios como o risco de transbordamento do rio no norte e o problema persistente da mistura de \u00e1guas pluviais e de esgotos continuam a alertar-nos para o facto de a restaura\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica n\u00e3o se poder ficar pelos resultados a curto prazo e de precisarmos de continuar a trabalhar arduamente nos dom\u00ednios das salvaguardas institucionais, da inova\u00e7\u00e3o tecnol\u00f3gica e da participa\u00e7\u00e3o p\u00fablica. No futuro, s\u00f3 aderindo \u00e0 gest\u00e3o integrada de \"montanhas, \u00e1gua, florestas, campos, lagos, ervas e areias\" e promovendo a integra\u00e7\u00e3o profunda da ind\u00fastria verde e da prote\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica \u00e9 que poderemos verdadeiramente concretizar a vis\u00e3o de \"\u00e1guas l\u00edmpidas, margens verdes e peixes a voar no fundo pouco profundo\" e contribuir com a sabedoria da China para a seguran\u00e7a ecol\u00f3gica global da \u00e1gua.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A \u00e1gua \u00e9 a fonte da vida e o elo central do ecossistema. Nos \u00faltimos anos, com a intensifica\u00e7\u00e3o das altera\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas globais e o aprofundamento do impacto das actividades humanas, o ambiente ecol\u00f3gico da \u00e1gua [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[131],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u957f\u6c5f\u6d41\u57df\u6c34\u751f\u6001\u8003\u6838\u6307\u6807\u8bc4\u5206\u7ec6\u5219\uff08\u8bd5\u884c\uff09\u300b - \u5965\u5229\u4ed5\uff08\u5e7f\u5dde\uff09\u5eb7\u4f53\u8bbe\u5907\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.osaces.com\/pt\/shengtaihuanjingbufabuzhangjiangliuyushuishengtaikaohezhibiaopingfenxizeshixing\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u957f\u6c5f\u6d41\u57df\u6c34\u751f\u6001\u8003\u6838\u6307\u6807\u8bc4\u5206\u7ec6\u5219\uff08\u8bd5\u884c\uff09\u300b - 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